GNU bug report logs - #21020
24.4; `display-time-world' tampers with TZ

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Message #5 received at submit <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: William G. Gardella <wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org>
To: bug-gnu-emacs <at> gnu.org
Subject: 24.4; `display-time-world' tampers with TZ
Date: Thu, 09 Jul 2015 19:39:51 +0000

I use `set-time-zone-rule' to run emacs with an altered time zone for
the sake of having a local clock in the modeline via `display-time-mode'
on a system that overall uses UTC time.

However, `display-time-world' (in the `display-time-world-display' function,
and also the initialization for the variable `display-time-world-list')
resets the time zone using the TZ environment variable,
and attempts to restore the time zone from there, while ignoring
any value that might have been set by the user using `set-time-zone-rule'.

Recipe:

(display-time-mode 1)
(set-time-zone-rule "some tz string different than system's TZ")
(display-time-event-handler) ;; Time should now be localized to the TZ passed to`set-time-zone-rule'
(display-time-world)
(display-time-event-handler) ;; We're in a different TZ now!

To make matters worse, if one attempts to manually correct Emacs's displayed
time to the desired TZ after invoking (display-time-world),
display-time-world-timer continually overwrites it
until canceled.


In GNU Emacs 24.4.1 (x86_64-slackware-linux-gnu)
 of 2015-03-06 on aporia
Windowing system distributor `The X.Org Foundation', version 11.0.11403000
Configured using:
 `configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc --localstatedir=/var
 --program-prefix= --program-suffix= --mandir=/usr/man
 --infodir=/usr/info --without-gconf --without-gsettings --with-x
 --with-x-toolkit=no --with-m17n-flt --build=x86_64-slackware-linux
 'CFLAGS=-O2 -fPIC''

Important settings:
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Major mode: ERC

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Message #8 received at 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Paul Eggert <eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu>
To: "William G. Gardella" <wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org>
Cc: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
Subject: Re: 24.4; `display-time-world' tampers with TZ
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2015 00:09:40 -0700

[Message part 1 (text/plain, inline)]

Thanks for the bug report.  Improving Emacs time zones has been on my TODO list 
for ages, and the report prompted me to do that.  Attached is a patch which 
works for me on GNU/Linux.  I'm CC'ing this to Eli to give him a heads-up in 
case it has implications on MS-Windows.

[0001-New-optional-ZONE-arg-for-format-time-string-etc.txt (text/plain, attachment)]

Message #13 received at 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
To: Paul Eggert <eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu>
Cc: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org
Subject: Re: 24.4; `display-time-world' tampers with TZ
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2015 17:48:30 +0300

> Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2015 00:09:40 -0700
> From: Paul Eggert <eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu>
> CC: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
> 
> Thanks for the bug report.  Improving Emacs time zones has been on my TODO list 
> for ages, and the report prompted me to do that.  Attached is a patch which 
> works for me on GNU/Linux.  I'm CC'ing this to Eli to give him a heads-up in 
> case it has implications on MS-Windows.

This is a large patch, touching a lot of code.  I hope we have some
tests to make sure this doesn't cause any regressions.

Other than that, please make in nt/gnulib.mk the same changes you did
in lib/gnulib.mk, otherwise I think the changes will not compile on
Windows.

Thanks.

Message #16 received at 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Paul Eggert <eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu>
To: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
Cc: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org
Subject: Re: 24.4; `display-time-world' tampers with TZ
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2015 10:05:38 -0700

[Message part 1 (text/plain, inline)]

Eli Zaretskii wrote:

> I hope we have some
> tests to make sure this doesn't cause any regressions.

test/automated/icalender-tests.el exercises the new code.

> Other than that, please make in nt/gnulib.mk the same changes you did
> in lib/gnulib.mk, otherwise I think the changes will not compile on
> Windows.

OK, done in the revised patch (attached).  Also, the MS-Windows port can't 
entirely skip the time module any more, as that module arranges for time.h to 
declare localtime_rz and friends.  I guess one possibility is to have 
nt/gnulib.mk mimic lib/gnulib.mk as far as the time module goes; this is also 
done in the revised patch.

[0001-New-optional-ZONE-arg-for-format-time-string-etc.patch (text/x-diff, attachment)]

Message #19 received at 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
To: Paul Eggert <eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu>
Cc: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org
Subject: Re: 24.4; `display-time-world' tampers with TZ
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2015 20:34:22 +0300

> Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2015 10:05:38 -0700
> From: Paul Eggert <eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu>
> CC: wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org, 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> 
> > I hope we have some
> > tests to make sure this doesn't cause any regressions.
> 
> test/automated/icalender-tests.el exercises the new code.

But the tests there that play with TZ are all expected failures on
MS-Windows, because they use Posix format of time-zone definition that
Windows runtime doesn't support.  So that probably means there are no
tests that could be used on Windows.

> Also, the MS-Windows port can't entirely skip the time module any
> more, as that module arranges for time.h to declare localtime_rz and
> friends.

This could conflict with time.h in nt/inc/sys/, no?

Message #22 received at 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
To: eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu
Cc: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org
Subject: Re: bug#21020: 24.4; `display-time-world' tampers with TZ
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2015 20:37:51 +0300

> Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2015 20:34:22 +0300
> From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
> Cc: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org
> 
> > Also, the MS-Windows port can't entirely skip the time module any
> > more, as that module arranges for time.h to declare localtime_rz and
> > friends.
> 
> This could conflict with time.h in nt/inc/sys/, no?

Also, lib/time.h seems to want to replace 'localtime', which might
clash with 'sys_localtime' we currently use as replacement on w32.

Message #25 received at 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Paul Eggert <eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu>
To: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
Cc: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org
Subject: Re: 24.4; `display-time-world' tampers with TZ
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2015 10:55:38 -0700

Eli Zaretskii wrote:

>> test/automated/icalender-tests.el exercises the new code.
>
> But the tests there that play with TZ are all expected failures on
> MS-Windows, because they use Posix format of time-zone definition that
> Windows runtime doesn't support.  So that probably means there are no
> tests that could be used on Windows.

OK, didn't know that.  Presumably this could be addressed by adding tests for 
MS-Windows TZ settings, if somebody has the time for this (pun intended...).

>> Also, the MS-Windows port can't entirely skip the time module any
>> more, as that module arranges for time.h to declare localtime_rz and
>> friends.
>
> This could conflict with time.h in nt/inc/sys/, no?

I don't see why.  <sys/time.h> is a different API.  This patch affects only 
<time.h>.

>lib/time.h seems to want to replace 'localtime', which might
> clash with 'sys_localtime' we currently use as replacement on w32.

The replacement is conditional, and the condition should be false on w32.

Message #28 received at 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
To: Paul Eggert <eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu>
Cc: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org
Subject: Re: 24.4; `display-time-world' tampers with TZ
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2015 21:21:36 +0300

> Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2015 10:55:38 -0700
> From: Paul Eggert <eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu>
> CC: wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org, 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> 
> Eli Zaretskii wrote:
> 
> >> test/automated/icalender-tests.el exercises the new code.
> >
> > But the tests there that play with TZ are all expected failures on
> > MS-Windows, because they use Posix format of time-zone definition that
> > Windows runtime doesn't support.  So that probably means there are no
> > tests that could be used on Windows.
> 
> OK, didn't know that.  Presumably this could be addressed by adding tests for 
> MS-Windows TZ settings, if somebody has the time for this (pun intended...).

MS-Windows supports only the simplest TZ format, as in EST-5EDT, you
cannot tell it when the DST rules begin and end.  And those test
exercise precisely those begin/end rules that cannot work.

> >> Also, the MS-Windows port can't entirely skip the time module any
> >> more, as that module arranges for time.h to declare localtime_rz and
> >> friends.
> >
> > This could conflict with time.h in nt/inc/sys/, no?
> 
> I don't see why.  <sys/time.h> is a different API.  This patch affects only 
> <time.h>.
> 
> >lib/time.h seems to want to replace 'localtime', which might
> > clash with 'sys_localtime' we currently use as replacement on w32.
> 
> The replacement is conditional, and the condition should be false on w32.

Then I guess we are lucky, and nothing could possibly become broken.

Thanks.

Message #33 received at 21020-done <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Paul Eggert <eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu>
To: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
Cc: 21020-done <at> debbugs.gnu.org, wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org
Subject: Re: 24.4; `display-time-world' tampers with TZ
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2015 12:48:44 -0700

Eli Zaretskii wrote:
> Then I guess we are lucky, and nothing could possibly become broken.

Ha!  Fat chance.  But I gave it a shot by installing the patch as master 
commit 	af32fa956267af40db61051c248597144d41521c and I'm marking this bug as done.

Message #36 received at 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
To: Paul Eggert <eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu>
Cc: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org
Subject: Re: 24.4; `display-time-world' tampers with TZ
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2015 15:29:33 +0300

> Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2015 12:48:44 -0700
> From: Paul Eggert <eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu>
> CC: wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org, 21020-done <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> 
> Eli Zaretskii wrote:
> > Then I guess we are lucky, and nothing could possibly become broken.
> 
> Ha!  Fat chance.  But I gave it a shot by installing the patch as master 
> commit 	af32fa956267af40db61051c248597144d41521c and I'm marking this bug as done.

I needed the changes in 7009674 to get this to build cleanly on
MinGW.  One of the changes in that commit is in lib/time.in.h.  This
is the same problem already reported for another Gnulib header:

  http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-gnulib/2015-06/msg00035.html

It sounds like similar changes are needed in other Gnulib headers,
lest they produce similar problems at some point.  I can provide a
list of all the __need_SOMETHING symbols used by the MinGW headers, if
that will help.

After the above commit, Emacs builds and generally seems to work, but
crashes inside icalendar tests.  Seems like something with heap
corruption.  I'm looking into that now.

Thanks.

Message #39 received at 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Paul Eggert <eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu>
To: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
Cc: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org
Subject: Re: 24.4; `display-time-world' tampers with TZ
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2015 08:02:53 -0700

Eli Zaretskii wrote:
> I needed the changes in 7009674 to get this to build cleanly on
> MinGW.  One of the changes in that commit is in lib/time.in.h.

Thanks, I ported that code fix back to gnulib, as gnulib master commit 
b18e6d98e211be6bb0e720952a9baef7da1d27cb.

> It sounds like similar changes are needed in other Gnulib headers,
> lest they produce similar problems at some point.  I can provide a
> list of all the __need_SOMETHING symbols used by the MinGW headers, if
> that will help.

I looked into that and came up with the following list:

__need_NULL
__need_ptrdiff_t
__need_size_t
__need_struct_timespec
__need_time_t
__need___va_list
__need_wchar_t
__need_wint_t

The only other Gnulib header that refers to any of these symbols is stddef.in.h 
and if it's not used in MinGW then I expect we don't need to worry about it. 
Though there may be issues in MinGW itself, if it's using these symbols 
incompatibly with what GCC expects (stddef.h is a GCC header).

Message #42 received at 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
To: Paul Eggert <eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu>
Cc: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org
Subject: Re: 24.4; `display-time-world' tampers with TZ
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2015 18:22:14 +0300

> Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2015 08:02:53 -0700
> From: Paul Eggert <eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu>
> CC: wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org, 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> 
> > It sounds like similar changes are needed in other Gnulib headers,
> > lest they produce similar problems at some point.  I can provide a
> > list of all the __need_SOMETHING symbols used by the MinGW headers, if
> > that will help.
> 
> I looked into that and came up with the following list:
> 
> __need_NULL
> __need_ptrdiff_t
> __need_size_t
> __need_struct_timespec
> __need_time_t
> __need___va_list
> __need_wchar_t
> __need_wint_t

I think this is about right.

> The only other Gnulib header that refers to any of these symbols is stddef.in.h 
> and if it's not used in MinGW then I expect we don't need to worry about it. 

It's your call.

> Though there may be issues in MinGW itself, if it's using these symbols 
> incompatibly with what GCC expects (stddef.h is a GCC header).

And MinGW comes with it.

Message #45 received at 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
To: eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu
Cc: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org
Subject: Re: bug#21020: 24.4; `display-time-world' tampers with TZ
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2015 18:38:02 +0300

> Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2015 18:22:14 +0300
> From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
> Cc: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org
> 
> > The only other Gnulib header that refers to any of these symbols is stddef.in.h 
> > and if it's not used in MinGW then I expect we don't need to worry about it. 
> 
> It's your call.

Btw, I didn't mean only headers used by Emacs, I meant all the Gnulib
headers that reference those symbols in a similar manner (i.e. to
exclude certain parts of the header).

Message #48 received at 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
To: eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu
Cc: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org
Subject: Re: bug#21020: 24.4; `display-time-world' tampers with TZ
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2015 20:29:43 +0300

> Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2015 15:29:33 +0300
> From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
> Cc: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org
> 
> After the above commit, Emacs builds and generally seems to work, but
> crashes inside icalendar tests.  Seems like something with heap
> corruption.  I'm looking into that now.

The reason seems to be these assignments in time_rz.c:

  static bool
  revert_tz (timezone_t tz)
  {
    if (tz == local_tz)
      return true;
    else
      {
	int saved_errno = errno;
	bool ok = change_env (tz);
	if (!ok)
	  saved_errno = errno;
  #if HAVE_TZNAME
	if (!ok)
	  tzname_address = NULL;
	if (tzname_address)
	  {
	    char *old_value = *tzname_address;
	    *tzname_address = tzname_value;  <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
	    tzname_value = old_value;
	  }
  #endif
	tzfree (tz);
	errno = saved_errno;
	return ok;
      }
  }

  static void
  restore_tzname (void)
  {
  #if HAVE_TZNAME
    if (tzname_address)
      {
	*tzname_address = tzname_value;    <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
	tzname_address = NULL;
      }
  #endif
  }

If I ifdef away the 2 marked lines, the test suite runs flawlessly to
completion.

tzname_address is the address of one of the members of the tzname[]
array, which holds pointers into the bowels of libc.  I don't know why
overwriting them with our values causes such trouble, but even if this
is supposed to work, it makes me nervous.  I'm not even sure I
understand completely why this trick is needed (can you explain?).  In
any case, can we please do this in some less intrusive way, e.g., by
copying the TZ names to our private storage?

Thanks.

Message #51 received at 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Paul Eggert <eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu>
To: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
Cc: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org
Subject: Re: bug#21020: 24.4; `display-time-world' tampers with TZ
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2015 18:09:37 -0700

Eli Zaretskii wrote:
> I'm not even sure I
> understand completely why this trick is needed (can you explain?).

On many platforms, calling 'tzset' (either directly, or indirectly via localtime 
etc.) invalidates tzname[0] and tzname[1].  For example:

   time_t t = 0;
   char *p = tzname[0];
   localtime (&t);
   puts (p ? p : "(null)");

Here 'puts' has undefined behavior if tzname[0] has been updated and its old 
value (equal to P) is no longer a valid pointer.

lib/time_rz.c attempted to work around this problem by replacing tzname[0] and 
tzname[1] with pointers to more-stable copies.  Apparently this doesn't work 
under MinGW.

> can we please do this in some less intrusive way, e.g., by
> copying the TZ names to our private storage?

OK, I did that in master commit 2856b1dd6f0ff5164eb5a54ddfadb9963f9e9237.

Message #54 received at 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
To: Paul Eggert <eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu>
Cc: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org
Subject: Re: bug#21020: 24.4; `display-time-world' tampers with TZ
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2015 13:37:38 +0300

> Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2015 18:09:37 -0700
> From: Paul Eggert <eggert <at> cs.ucla.edu>
> CC: 21020 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, wgg2 <at> member.fsf.org
> 
> Eli Zaretskii wrote:
> > I'm not even sure I
> > understand completely why this trick is needed (can you explain?).
> 
> On many platforms, calling 'tzset' (either directly, or indirectly via localtime 
> etc.) invalidates tzname[0] and tzname[1].  For example:
> 
>     time_t t = 0;
>     char *p = tzname[0];
>     localtime (&t);
>     puts (p ? p : "(null)");
> 
> Here 'puts' has undefined behavior if tzname[0] has been updated and its old 
> value (equal to P) is no longer a valid pointer.
> 
> lib/time_rz.c attempted to work around this problem by replacing tzname[0] and 
> tzname[1] with pointers to more-stable copies.  Apparently this doesn't work 
> under MinGW.

I see, thanks for explaining.

>  > can we please do this in some less intrusive way, e.g., by
>  > copying the TZ names to our private storage?
> 
> OK, I did that in master commit 2856b1dd6f0ff5164eb5a54ddfadb9963f9e9237.

Thanks, this solves the problem.

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